šŸš€ How to define ideal customer profile (ICP)?

3 tactics, 2 traps and 1 tool for a well-defined ICP

Hello founders!

Welcome to ā€˜Tactical Tips’ by Jerel and Shuo at DECODE, where we cover one new idea to help you build and grow your startup – every week in <5 minutes!

Today, we’ll be answering the question: ā€œHow to define ideal customer profile (ICP)?ā€

And here’s advice inspired by Michael King, GTM and product marketing partner at a16z, who also built and ran full-stack marketing teams for companies like VMware and IBM.

If you are still identifying who might use or buy your product, today’s newsletter is for you.

ā

Many founders assume product-market fit means they’ve nailed their ICP. But early traction can come from story, virality, or brute-force selling and not repeatable fit.

šŸ”„ Inside this issue:

āœ… 3 tactics for a well-defined ICP
āœ… 2 traps to avoid 
āœ… 1 tool to leverage 

šŸ‘‡Let’s dive in.

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3 tactics for a well-defined ICP

šŸ“ Have specific and measurable qualities

  • Ensure absolute clarity across the following areas:

    • Company size (e.g., 1,000–5,000 employees) or revenue range 

    • Type of business (e.g., B2B SaaS, e-commerce)

    • Geography (e.g., country, region, specific language)

    • Industries served (e.g., manufacturing, government, banks) 

    • Job titles (e.g., engineering manager, social media manager)

    • Company specifics that define your problem statement (e.g., sales over Zoom, design focused, cost focused, developer led)

    • Specific technologies used (e.g., a cloud data warehouse, GitHub)

    • Unique buyer behaviors (e.g., only use specific messaging platforms or information sources)

    • Has a problem that is defineable and solvable (e.g., works in the cloud and needs to connect across clouds)

  • Avoid generalizations or vague answers (e.g., mid-size companies or enterprises that use computers)

šŸ‘‚ Conduct listening tours with customer cohorts

  • Interview both successful and lost customers and answer:

    • Which customers get the most out of the product?

    • What traits do the best customers share?

    • What objections are there from lost customers?

    • Who’s easiest to upsell and why?

    • What do competitors’ customers have in common?

  • Look for patterns in good-fit customer profiles—and antipatterns in poor-fit ones

šŸ”„ Continuously refine the ICP

  • ICP changes over time—market, product, and customers evolve with growth

  • Product enhancements may unlock new use cases or capabilities (E.g. adding features for 10k+ seats can shift focus from SMB to mid-market or enterprise)

  • Ask: Do expanded product capabilities open access to new markets? If yes, revisit the ICP

2 traps to avoid

🚨Mistaking Annual Contract Value (ACV) as a good fit

  • Best-fit customers = fast revenue growth, high lifetime value, short sales cycle and high retention

  • Big logos ≠ best customers

  • High ACV doesn’t always indicate long-term success—some may be outliers or one-off wins

🚨Treating ICPs and personas as interchangeable

  • ICPs defines which businesses to target; personas define how to engage stakeholders within those businesses

  • Use personas to help anticipate potential blockers in sales process—not to define the market

  • Building sales strategy around personas instead of ICP risks targeting the right people in the wrong companies

1 tool to leverage

šŸ“– Best practice on identifying ICP

  • A well-defined ICP is uncomfortably narrow—so specific that others might think it’s crazy to build something so niche

  • Leverage tools like Keyplay to identify and prioritize ICP accounts

Bonus: 1 trend to spark startup ideas

šŸ“ˆ AI is 10x bigger than the cloud boom, with AI agent economy being the next frontier

  • Software alone was a $400B market. AI is going after both software and services at the same time—2 huge markets

  • With 5.6B people online and instant distribution via platforms like Reddit, X, and TikTok, AI is now mainstream—deployed across industries and matching Reddit in engagement

  • Individual AI tools are evolving into agent networks that collaborate, reason, and complete tasks autonomously

  • The emerging agent economy will act like a real market—agents will trade value, track trust, take action, and communicate seamlessly

  • Three core tech challenges remain:

    • Memory — agents must remember users and past interactions

    • Communication — protocols like TCP/IP for AI networks

    • Security & Trust — new models for identity and safe agent interaction

Startup Knowledge Check

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